And edward dennis



A fior/1a v S. COOPER 8a E. DENNIS..

PROCESS 0F ADMINISTERING ANESTHBTICS.

Patented May 30, 1882 l l 5 W f f (No Model.)

9,5 w/r/VESSES. I

UNITED STATI-3s iPATENT OFFICE.

SHERMAN COOPER, OF WESTFIELD, NEW JERSEY, AND EDWARD DENNIS,

OF SING SING, NEW YORK; SAID DENNIS ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES HIL- BERT, OFSING SING, NEW YORK.

PROCESSA OF ADMINISTERING ANESTHETlCS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 258,632, dated May 30,1882.

Application led January 21, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, SHERMAN COOPER, ofWestfield, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, and EDWARDDENNIS, of Sing Sing, in the county of Westchester andState of New York,have invented a new and Improved Process of Administerin gAn aesthetics,of which the following description is a specification.

1o Our invention relates to an improved process for absorbing andadministering anaesthetics--such as chloroform, ether, andsthe like-andfor absorbing and distributing perfumes and disinfectants; and theinvention consists in absorbing the antesthetic, perfume,

or disinfectant by means of a suitable absorbent packing-such asmagnesia,for instancecontined in a closed receiver, and then dischargingsuch anaesthetic, perfume, or disineo fectant in the form ot' a dry gasby forcing` air through the absorbent packing; and the invention .alsoconsists in suitable 4appliances whereby the distribution oi' theabsorbed material can be practically accomplished by air- 2 5 pressure,all as hereinafter fully described,

In the drawing a central sectional view of one form of appliance forabsorbing and distributing the contained anzesthetic, perfume, ordisinfectant is shown, the air-pumpl or bel- 3o lows anddischarge-funnel bei ng shown in elevation. t

In carrying` out our invention we malte use ot' an absorbentmaterial-such, for instance, as magnesia-Whieh we saturate or yotherwiseprovide with the matter to be distributed. This matter we place in aclose vessel or receptacle of approved construction, and connectv suchvessel or receptacle with an air-forcing appa- -ratus in such mannerthat air maybe driven in- 49 tothe receptacle and escape therefromthrough the saturated absorbent, whereby it takes up and is loaded withthe matter with which such absorbent is provided, and the air thereby is'charged or impregnated with the absorbed matter in the form of a drygas, such gas being conducted from the vessel to the place of use by anysuitable device or devices. In this way anzesthetics may be administeredand perfumes and disinfectants distributed.

In the administration of anzesthetics our 5o process has the followingadvantages, viz: By the use ot' an absorbent material in a close vessela large quantity of anaesthetic-as, for instance, chloroform orether-can be concen- Y trated so as to obtain the benet of its strength,5 5 to thereby facilitate the putting of a person under its intiuencevery quickly and without e any Waste of material by evaporation, as isthe case when the anzesthetic is administered in the liquid state bymeans of cloths or Sponges 6o saturated therewith. Another advantage is`that the administration of an anzesthetic in the form ot' a dry gas.prevents the person or clothing of a patient from being injured ordamaged by direct contact ot' a liquid antes-l 65 thetic, as is oftenthe case when the cloth or sponge is supplied with more than it can takeup. Anzesthetics when administered in the liquid form generally producenausea, resulting in vomiting,which is extremely dangerous 7o in manyeases, especially so during the performance of any operation involvingthe stomach and bowels, or at'ter there has been any such operation.When administered by our method, however, nausea is very rarelyproduced, and this clement ot` danger is almost entirely removed.Furthermore, byour method ot' administering anaesthetics a dueproportion of atmospheric air is mixed therewith, the resultingadvantage of which is the lesseningot' 8o the liability of fatal resultsand the rapidity of recovery from the efforts of its administration.Finally, by absorbing an antesthetic and confining it in this conditionwithin a close vessel or receptacle evaporation is greatly retarded, ifnot entirely prevented, when not in use, whereby a very considerableeconomy in material is effected; and we have found in practice that byour method this economy amounts to quite tifty per cent. go

As an illustration of our invention,vve have shown in the drawing abovereferred to an apparatus admirably adapted for administering`antesthetics.

The letter A designates a cylindrical shell, closed at one end andhaving` a charging-opening at the other end. This opening is providedwith a cap, B, at the lower end of which an outwardly-extending flan geis arranged. This cap is connected with the shell A by a coupling-ring,C, having an inwardly-extending flange to engage the flange on the cap,and interiorly screw-threaded to engage a screwthread on the exterior ofthe shell A at its opening. By interposin g a compressible gasket, D,between the cap and the edge of the shell and screwing down the ring Cupon the shell a perfectly-tight joint may be made between the shell andcap. The cap C is provided with an interior depending tube, E, and witha channel, F. A two-way plug, Gr, provided with openings to correspondwith the tube E and channel F, is arranged to turn in said cap, so as tosimultaneously open or close the tube E and channel F. The tube Eterminates above the plug in a perforated knob, H, and the channel F isopen from the interior of the cap through a terminal knob, I. A tube, J,depends from the tube E, and extends nearly to the bottom of the shellA. A foraminous partition, K, is arranged in the bottom of the shell A,and the tube J extends through this partition. A fibrous disk, L, islaid upon the partition K, and upon this disk, within theshell, issuperposed a packing or lling, M, of pulvcrulent material, which may bemagnesia; but other powder or fibrous material may be used. Above thispacking is arranged fibrous material, N, and above it is placed aforaminous partition, 0. The disk L and material N serve to prevent thepacking M when it is pulverulent from sifting. The partition K restsupon a shoulder made somewhat above the bottom of the shell, whereby achamber, T, is provided below the packing, such chamber being in opencommunication with the tubes J and E.

P is a bulb or other air-forcing device, connected with the tube E, asby a rubbertube, Q, stretched over the knob H.

R is an inhaler connected with the channel F, as by a rubber tube, S,stretched over the knob I.

In operation, the packing M having been saturated with the desiredansthetic, the plug G is turned to open the tube E and channel F. Air isthen forced into the apparatus, and descends through tubes E and J intothe air-chamber T. The pressure under which it is forced thereiutodrives it upward through the saturated packing, whereby it is charged orimpregnated with the anzesthetic, and escapes thence, thus charged orimpregnated, through the channel F in the form of a dry gas, and isutilized by means of the inhaler R.

The apparatus shown and described can be utilized for distributingperfumes or disinfectants in the form of dry gases; and in order todistribute such gas in jets, so as to diffuse it, a rose can besubstituted for the inhaler R.

Before our invention antesthetics have been absorbed in suitablepacking, such as sponge, arranged in a vessel of convenient shape forthe use intended, and the anzesthetic has been administered by drawing,by natural inspiration, the same through the vessel applied to the mouthor nose, and in all such apparatus the air-supply has been obtained bythe action ofthe lungs drawing it into the vessel through aperturestherein, whence it passes through and is laden with the anfesthetic.Medicines have been locally administered by placing them in a water bathin a close vessel, such vessel having an attached air-forcing apparatusand means for applying the medicine in the form of vapor or spray causedby forcing the air through it, whereby' catarrhal and other likemaladies may be treated. XVe are not, however, aware that amestlietizinghas been practiced before our invention by forcing a current of airthrough the anaesthetic when it is so held, as that theansthetizing-vapor is expelled in the form of a dry gas.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. That improvement in the art of administering amesthetics whichconsists, first, in inclosing material saturated with the aniesthetic ina close vessel, so as to prevent waste or escapethereof; second, openingsuch inclosed anzesthetic to the admission of air, and, finally, forcingthe air by external mechanical means through such aniesthctic, wherebyit is laden with the antcsthetic and is forcibly expelled in the form ofa dry gas at the point ot' application.

2. As a means for administering anzcsthetics in the form of a dry gas,the cylindrical shell A, its cap B, and plug or valve G, forming an air-tight vessel, the absorbent packing M, means to forcibly drive acurrent ofair through said packing` and means to convey such forcedcurrent to the point of application, substantially as shown anddescribed.

3. The shell A, its tubular cap B, a valve controlling the tubes in suchcap, means to confine a packing within such shell, a tube, J, extendingthrough the cap to near the bottom of the shell, au air-forcingapparatus, P Q., and an applying device, R S, substantially as and forthe purpose described.

The foregoing specification of our new and improved process foradministering antesthetics signed by us this 7th day of January, A. D.1882.

SHERMAN COOPER. EDWARD DENNIS.

Witnesses:

N. H. DENNIS, ERNEST C. WEBB.

IOO

IIO

IIS

